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Coronary Artery Calcium as a Synergistic Tool for the Age- and Sex-Specific Risk of Cardiovascular and Cancer Mortality: The Coronary Artery Calcium Consortium
- Source :
- Journal of the American Heart Association, vol 9, iss 8
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- eScholarship, University of California, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Background Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a predictor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to a lesser extent cancer. The age- and sex-specific relationship of CAC with CVD and cancer mortality is unknown. Methods and Results Asymptomatic patients aged 40 to 75years old without known CVD were included from the CAC Consortium. We calculated sex-specific mortality rates per 1000person-years' follow-up. Using parametric survival regression modeling, we determined the age- and sex-specific CAC score at which the risk of death from CVD and cancer were equal. Among the 59502 patients included in this analysis, the mean age was 54.9 (±8.5) years, 34% were women, and 89% were white. There were 671 deaths attributable to CVD and 954 deaths attributable to cancer over a mean follow-up of 12±3years. Among patients with CAC=0, cancer was the leading cause of death, the total mortality rate was low (women, 1.8; men, 1.5), and the CVD mortality rate was exceedingly low for women (0.3) and men (0.3). The age-specific CAC score at which the risk of CVD and cancer mortality were equal had a U-shaped relationship for women, while the relationship was exponential for men. Conclusions The age- and sex-specific relationship of CAC with CVD and cancer mortality differed significantly for women and men. Our age- and sex-specific CAC score provides a more precise estimate and further facilitates the use of CAC as a synergistic tool in strategies for the prediction and prevention of CVD and cancer mortality.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
sex differences
Aging
Time Factors
Coronary Artery Disease
Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
Coronary Angiography
competing risk
Cardiovascular
Severity of Illness Index
Risk Assessment
Sex Factors
Risk Factors
Predictive Value of Tests
cardiovascular disease
Neoplasms
Cause of Death
Humans
cardiovascular diseases
Aetiology
Vascular Calcification
coronary artery calcium
Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease
Aged
Prevention
Age Factors
nutritional and metabolic diseases
Middle Aged
Prognosis
United States
Heart Disease
Good Health and Well Being
Cardiovascular Diseases
Female
2.4 Surveillance and distribution
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of the American Heart Association, vol 9, iss 8
- Accession number :
- edsair.dedup.wf.001..28ec1865d3ad5d2310f4ae2914f139d3