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Climate and carbon cycle changes from 1850 to 2100 in MPI-ESM simulations for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5

Authors :
Giorgetta, M.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4278-1963
Jungclaus, J.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-4339
Reick, C.
Legutke, S.
Bader, J.
Böttinger, M.
Brovkin, V.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-3198
Crueger, T.
Esch, M.
Fieg, K.
Glushak, K.
Gayler, V.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-5444
Haak, H.
Hollweg, H.
Ilyina, T.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-4842
Kinne, S.
Kornblueh, L.
Matei, D.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3735-8802
Mauritsen, T.
Mikolajewicz, U.
Mueller, W.
Notz, D.
Pithan, F.
Raddatz, T.
Rast, S.
Redler, R.
Roeckner, E.
Schmidt, H.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-5041
Schnur, R.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7380-8313
Segschneider, J.
Six, K.
Stockhause, M.
Timmreck, C.
Wegner, J.
Widmann, H.
Wieners, K.
Claussen, M.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-5488
Marotzke, J.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9857-9900
Stevens, B.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-0475
Source :
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
Publication Year :
2013

Abstract

The new Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) is used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) in a series of climate change experiments for either idealized CO2-only forcing or forcings based on observations and the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. The paper gives an overview of the model configurations, experiments related forcings, and initialization procedures and presents results for the simulated changes in climate and carbon cycle. It is found that the climate feedback depends on the global warming and possibly the forcing history. The global warming from 1850 to 2100 ranges from 1.5°C under the RCP2.6 scenario to 4.4°C under the RCP8.5 scenario. Over this range the patterns of temperature and precipitation change are nearly independent of the global warming. The model shows a tendency to reduce the ocean heat uptake efficiency towards a warmer climate, and hence acceleration in warming in the later years. The precipitation sensitivity can be as high as 2.5% K-1 if the CO2 concentration is constant, or as small as 1.6% K-1, if the CO2 concentration is increasing. The oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon increases over time in all scenarios, being smallest in the experiment forced by RCP2.6 and largest in that for RCP8.5. The land also serves as a net carbon sink in all scenarios, predominantly in boreal regions. The strong tropical carbon sources found in the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 experiments are almost absent in the RCP4.5 experiment, which can be explained by reforestation in the RCP4.5 scenario.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19422466
Volume :
5
Issue :
3
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
Accession number :
edsair.dedup.wf.001..19a83873724b0a7e34b9fe50ddb6d410
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1002/jame.20038