The Certification Challenges of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

— In the context of connected cars, some technologies or approaches are unavoidable: data-centric and big data; AI/ML-based systems; cloud computing and agility. These points are not limited to connected cars, but are trends in all transportation fields at least. In this paper, we analyze the interest of these technologies. Then, we analyze that these techniques are not completely in phase with traditional ways of developing safety critical software because the standards used for this purpose do not rely fundamentally on the same approaches to develop software.