Experimental Transmission of Plasmodium malariae to Anopheles gambiae

Our current knowledge of the clinical burden, biology, and\ud transmission of Plasmodium malariae is extremely scarce. To\ud start addressing some of those questions, we experimentally\ud infected Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes with fresh P. malariae\ud isolates obtained from asymptomatic individuals in Lambaréné,\ud Gabon. The proportion of mosquitoes infected via direct membrane\ud feeding assay with either P. malariae monoinfections\ud (16% [19 of 121]) or coinfections (28% [31 of 112]) was higher\ud after serum replacement than in parallel groups without serum\ud replacement (4% [4 of 102] and 4% [2 of 45], respectively;\ud P < .01). Our results show that isolates from asymptomatic\ud carriers can be used for experimental studies of P. malariae\ud transmission.