Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for 5-year hypertension remission in obese patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Controversial results exist on mid-term effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on hypertension remission. The aim of the present systematic review was to study 5-year hypertension remission after both procedures. One-year hypertension remission and SBP and DBP pressure change at 1 and 5 years after both surgical techniques were also evaluated. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Thirty-two articles were included (six randomized controlled trials, 18 cohort and eight case-control studies). The proportion of patients with hypertension remission was greater for those treated with gastric bypass compared with sleeve gastrectomy at 5 years (RR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.07-1.48) and 1 year (RR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06-1.21). Gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy did not differ in terms of SBP or DBP change. Patients treated with gastric bypass present a higher hypertension remission rate at 1 and 5 years.