Central Nervous System Infection by Group a Streptococcus in Children in Spain (2019–2023)

Central nervous system infections in children caused by group A Streptococcusare rare. This study, conducted across 52 hospitals in Spain from 2019 to 2023, identified 32 cases of central nervous system infections in children caused by group A Streptococcus, with a significant increase from October 2022 onward (1.1% vs. 5.9%, P= 0.002). Half required pediatric intensive care unit admission, 12.5% exhibited sequelae and the mortality rate was 6.2%. Mastoiditis was the predominant primary infection.