Biodistribution and Tumor Targeted Accumulation of Anti-CEA-loaded Iron Nanoparticles

Introduction: Active targeting of tumors by nanomaterials favors early diagnosis and the reduction of harsh side effects of chemotherapeuticals.Methods: We synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (64 nm; -40 mV) suspended in a magnetic fluid (MF) and decorated them with anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (MFCEA; 144 nm; -39 mV). MF and MFCEA nanoparticles were successfully radiolabeled with technetium–99m (99mTc) and intravenously injected in CEA-positive 4T1 tumor-bearing mice to perform biodistribution studies. Both 99mTc-MF and 99mTc-MFCEA had marked uptake by the liver and spleen, and the renal uptake of 99mTc-MFCEA was higher than that observed for 99mTc-MF at 20h. At 1 and 5 hours, the urinary excretion was higher for 99mTc-MF than for 99mTc-MFCEA.Results: These data suggest that anti-CEA decoration might be responsible for a delay in renal clearance. Regarding the tumor, 99mTc-MFCEA showed tumor uptake nearly two times higher than that observed for 99mTc-MFCEA. Similarly, the target-nontarget ratio was higher with 99mTc-MFCEA when compared to the group that received the 99mTc-MF.Conclusion: These data validated the ability of active tumor targeting by the as-developed anti- CEA loaded nanoparticles and are very promising results for the future development of a nanodevice for the management of breast cancer and other types of CEA-positive tumors.