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Evaluation of Efficiency of Liposome-Entrapped Iridium(III) Complexes Inhibiting Tumor Growth In Vitro and In Vivo
- Source :
- Journal of Medicinal Chemistry; September 2024, Vol. 67 Issue: 18 p16195-16208, 14p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- In this paper, three new iridium(III) complexes: [Ir(piq)2(DFIPP)]PF6(piq = deprotonated 1-phenylisoquinoline, DFIPP = 3,4-difluoro-2-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenenthrolin-2-yl)phenol, 3a), [Ir(bzq)2(DFIPP)]PF6(bzq = deprotonated benzo[h]quinoline, 3b), and [Ir(ppy)2(DFIPP)]PF6(ppy = deprotonated 1-phenylpyridine, 3c), were synthesized and characterized. The complexes were found to be nontoxic to tumor cells via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Surprisingly, its liposome-entrapped complexes 3alip, 3blip, and 3clip on B16 cells showed strong cytotoxicity (IC50= 13.6 ± 2.8, 9.6 ± 1.1, and 18.9 ± 2.1 μM). Entry of 3alip, 3blip, and 3clip into B16 cells decreases mitochondrial membrane potential, regulates Bcl-2 family proteins, releases cytochrome c, triggers caspase family cascade reaction, and induces apoptosis. In addition, we also found that 3alip, 3blip, and 3clip triggered ferroptosis and autophagy. In vivo studies demonstrated that 3blip inhibited melanoma growth in C57 mice with a high inhibitory rate of 83.95%, and no organic damage was found in C57 mice.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00222623 and 15204804
- Volume :
- 67
- Issue :
- 18
- Database :
- Supplemental Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- Publication Type :
- Periodical
- Accession number :
- ejs67376286
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01026