Phytosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using curcuma aromatica and its application in medical fabrics for antibacterial activity

Antimicrobial textiles are crucial in various industries for combating contamination and improving hygiene. Copper's potent antimicrobial properties enhance infection control in medical fabrics. This study aims to synthesize copper in the form of nanoparticles CuNPs using Curcuma aromatica, to provide an effective, eco-friendly solution for antimicrobial medical textiles. The powder of the rhizome of Curcuma aromaticawas boiled in sterile distilled water and the extract was used in the synthesis of CuNPs. The resulting CuNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, SEM, FTIR analysis, and XRD. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthesized CuNPs was tested against Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coliusing the well diffusion method. The Cotton fabrics was embedded with synthesized CuNPs and again evaluated for its anti-bacterial property. The UV–VIS Spectroscopy showed absorption peaks above  554 nm due to the plasmon resonance of CuNPs. The size range of CuNPs was from 54 to 69 nm which was confirmed by SEM. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of various organic molecules associated with CuNPs. XRD analysis revealed the face-centered cubic crystal structure of the CuNPs. The CuNPs and CuNPs embedded cotton fabrics exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coli.  These findings support the use of Curcuma aromaticaas a suitable source for CuNP synthesis and emphasize the significance of CuNPs in the development of effective antimicrobial fabrics for medical applications.