A New Glucosyl Feruloyl Quinic Acid as a Potential Marker for Roots and Rhizomes of Goldenseal, Hydrastis canadensis

A new compound, 5-O-(4‘-[β-<SCP>d</SCP>-glucopyranosyl]-trans-feruloyl)quinic acid (GPFQ, <BO>10</BO>), is reported from the medicinal plant goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis). A new HPLC method is described and used to show that GPFQ is a potential marker for goldenseal roots (1.0% w/w) and rhizomes (2.3%). GPFQ was found at much lower levels in stems (&lt;0.1%) and could not be detected in leaves. Neochlorogenic acid (<BO>9</BO>), which has not previously been reported from goldenseal, and chlorogenic acid (<BO>6</BO>) reached their highest levels in leaves (0.9% <BO>9</BO> and 0.5% <BO>6</BO>). The main alkaloids, hydrastine (<BO>1</BO>) and berberine (<BO>2</BO>), were highest in rhizomes (2.8% <BO>1</BO> and 4.6% <BO>2</BO>), but palmatine (<BO>5</BO>) was not found in genuine goldenseal.