Effect of natural fractures with different sizes on the development of supercritical CO2fractures – A case study on Songliao Basin

Shale reservoirs, characterized by their relatively low permeability and porosity, often employ hydraulic fracturing techniques to increase production during development. However, conventional large-scale hydraulic fracturing encounters challenges such as excessive water consumption, low flowback rates, and environmental concerns. Given the increasing scarcity of water resources and increased emphasis on sustainability environmental sustainability, hydraulic fracturing no longer meets the requirements for green and environmentally friendly extraction. The utilization of supercritical CO2fracturing technology emerges as a promising alternative, offering advantages such as reduced water usage and minimized environmental impact. Additionally, this technology allows for the sequestration of CO2underground, presenting an integrated approach to CO2geological storage and oil-gas extraction. Supercritical CO2possesses many unique physical and chemical properties. However, the micro-mechanisms governing its interaction with rock during fracturing, along with the mechanisms and propagation characteristics of fracture initiation, necessitate further in-depth investigation. This study aims to explore the development mechanisms of supercritical CO2fractures under the influence of single factor variables and natural fractures of different sizes (2 m, 4 m, and 6 m). To explore the interaction mechanisms between natural fractures and supercritical CO2fractures, single factor variable control experiments were conducted with natural fracture angles of 30 °, 45 °, and 60 °, and in-situ stress deviations of 3, 5, 7, and 9 MPa. Our research delves into the impact of natural fracture inclination angle, in-situ stress deviation, and natural fracture size on supercritical CO2fractures development. This comprehensive exploration unveils the intricate interaction mechanisms between natural fractures of different sizes and supercritical CO2fractures. Various control chart were studied, considering different natural fracture under diverse ground stresses and inclinations. The findings of this study bear theoretical significance and engineering application for enhancing efficiency in shale gas production.