Trends in Otitis Media Ambulatory Visits in American Indian and Alaska Native Children During the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Period and the COVID-19 Pandemic

Otitis media-associated outpatient visits among American Indians/Alaska Natives children <5 years old decreased by 52% (100 to 48 per 100 children per year) from 2003 to 2019. Otitis media visits decreased by another 50% from 2019 to 2020, but rebounded between 2020 and 2021 back to a rate similar to 2019.