Electrochemical sensor of Cu nanoparticles on Cu based metal organic frame works hybridized indium tin oxides glasses for Pb2+detection

Heavy metal pollution, particularly Pb2+, poses a severe threat to human survival and ecosystem health due to its detrimental effects on organisms. Therefore, evaluating the concentration of Pb2+in the environment can help mitigate these risks in advance. In this study, Cu nanoparticles (Cu NPs) modified 2D Cu-Metal-organic frameworks (Cu(NPs)/Cu-MOFs@ITO) are prepared and loaded onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass by an electrophoretic method to produce an electrochemical sensor (ECS) for Pb2+. Cu(NPs)/Cu-MOF-B was synthesized by a simple solvothermal method and characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman, FT-IR and other methods to analyze the crystal structure, molecular structure and microstructure. The Cu NPs improve the electron transfer ability, and the abundant surface amino groups of Cu-MOF can be used to bind Pb2+characterized by CVs and EISs. The excellent energy positions of valence and conduction bands of Cu(NPs)/Cu-MOF facilitate the electron migration in oxidation and reduction of Pb2+analyzed by XPS, Mott-Schottky and UV–vis absorption curves. The limit of detection (LOD) reaches 0.065 μM and the sensitivity reaches 99.04 μA μM-1cm-2. The Cu(NPs)/Cu-MOFs@ITO ECS can be successfully applied to detect Pb2+in water environments with high sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility, which provides a feasible method for detecting Pb2+.