Routine Computed Tomography before Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Association with Length of Stay and Early Non-Relapse Mortality

Introduction: Computerized tomography (CT) scans of the sinus, chest, abdomen, and pelvis are often performed in children prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to evaluate for occult infections. Identification of infectious abnormalities could allow for pre- or post-HSCT infection prophylaxis to reduce morbidity or mortality. However, the association of abnormal pre-HSCT and adverse outcomes post-HSCT has not been previously examined. Additionally, routine imaging may identify incidental non-infectious findings, potentially necessitating additional diagnostic workup and unnecessary radiation exposure. In this study, we sought to investigate the prevalence of abnormal findings on CT scans in children undergoing HSCT and their association with post-HSCT length of stay (LOS) and early non-relapse mortality (NRM).