Effect of tumor CD276 expression on infiltrating immune cells and clinicopathological features of prostate cancer

Background: Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) is often resistant to immunotherapy. In this study, we examined the role of CD276 in mediating immunotherapeutic effects through changes in immune cell infiltration. Methods: Using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, CD276 was identified as a potential target for immunotherapy. Subsequent in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed its role as a potential mediator of immunotherapeutic effects. Results: Multi-omic analysis suggested that CD276 was identified as a key molecule regulating the immune microenvironment (IM). In vivo experiments revealed that CD276 knockdown was found to enhance CD8⁺T cell infiltration into the IM. Immunohistochemical analysis of PCa samples further confirmed the same findings. Conclusion: CD276 was found to inhibit the enrichment of CD8+ T cells in PCa. Thus, CD276 inhibitors may be potential targets for immunotherapy.