Metaverses-Based Parallel Oil Fields in CPSS: A Framework and Methodology

Aiming to provide a novel paradigm of oil fields, metaverses-based parallel oil fields are proposed in this article. Compared with the existing smart/intelligent oil fields in cyber–physical systems (CPS), parallel oil fields can take human factors into full consideration and expand the operation space to cyber–physical–social systems (CPSS), which can be regarded as the abstract and scientific explanation of metaverses. In the proposed parallel oil fields, there are three kinds of workers (human workers, digital workers, and robotic workers) coordinating to construct a more reliable and intelligent oil field. Furthermore, the framework and methodology of parallel oil fields are illustrated by parallel systems and the artificial systems, computational experiments, and parallel executions (ACP) approach. Based on the proposed framework, parallel oil fields are capable of generating a more trustworthy artificial system and guaranteeing the realization of the 6S (safety, security, sustainability, sensitivity, service, and smartness) goal. Finally, based on dynamometer cards, fault diagnosis of sucker rod pumping systems (SRPS) is investigated in parallel oil fields.