Sunlight-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Zizania latifoliaextract: toward antimicrobial applications

The present study was focused on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles against pathogens of both gram-positive and gram-negative classes. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was successfully performed using Ziziana latifolia(ZL) Husk extract with the catalyst serving as sunlight. In making and stabilizing silver nanoparticles, the biomolecules present in the husk extract played the role of reducing and stabilizing agents. The resultant silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV–vis analysis, FTIR, HRTEM, SAD, EDAX, Zeta potential, and particle size analysis. In a DAPI study using the NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell line, ZL-AgNPS demonstrated outstanding stability and great biocompatibility. In vivo zebrafish toxicity and hemocompatibility experiments further indicated that the ZL-AgNPS were extremely biocompatible and safe. The novelty of this study is the synthesis of very stable silver nanoparticles in the aqueous phase by a single step reaction in sunlight without the use of any external stabilizing agent and reduction agent that the existing protocols do not require. The results showed that produced AgNPs are efficient against both microorganisms when the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was compared to that of the pathogenic bacteria B. subtilisand E. coli.