Use of wireless sensor network system based on water level, rain, conductivity, oil and turbidity sensors to monitor the storm sewerage

Storm sewerages are crucial infrastructures in water management. In this paper, a system was developed to detect the blockage of the sewerage and the presence of illegal spills in Storm sewerages. Different nodes with sensors measuring the water level, turbidity, conductivity, and oil presence are scattered in the sewerage. These nodes are connected to a master node for processing the information with a rain sensor. The rain and water level sensors are used to determine one of the four possibilities regarding the presence of water in the sewerage and whether it is raining. According to the combinations, it can be determined whether it is a normal situation or there are spills or blockages. It is shown that there are differences between sewerage with and without blockage via the water level. This can be used to determine the presence of a blockage. The identification of an illegal spill is performed with the use of conductivity, turbidity, and oil sensors. The authors determined that yellow and infrared light can determine the oil concentration in the oil sensor in a range of 0–2.2 mL oil/L water with yellow light and 0.4–20 mL oil/L water with infrared light. Finally, the conductivity sensor can determine water conductivity from 0.526 to 58.4 mS/cm.