Firefly and Grey Wolf search based multi-criteria routing and aggregation towards a generic framework for LEACH

Application and analysis of novel heuristic bio-inspired or computational intelligence algorithms to resolve WSN problems is one of active research area. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) being one of most prominent hierarchical clustering routing algorithm in WSN entails with certain excuses. The proposed work also tries to offer solution in this direction for LEACH. Firefly relies on attractive issues of firefly for energy-efficient routing in WSN applied in formation on clusters. Wolf Search is applied to enhance performance of LEACH algorithm with identification of two relay nodes: (i) intra relay node and (ii) inter relay node. Cross entropy principles will be applied to set soft and hard threshold to take decisions on either to retain existing cluster or to re-cluster. The Spyder-py3 tool is used to simulate the proposed work is compared with LEACH, power-efficient gathering in sensor information systems (PEGASIS), Ant Cuckoo optimized using energy-efficient data aggregation (ACEED), and Genetic Algorithm data Aggregation (GADA) LEACH protocols. The results confirm that proposed LEACH-PWO out performs other algorithms in terms of prolonging the lifetime of network in addition to increasing throughput.