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Travel burden and clinical presentation of retinoblastoma: analysis of 1024 patients from 43 African countries and 518 patients from 40 European countries

Authors :
Fabian, Ido Didi
Stacey, Andrew W
Foster, Allen
Kivela¨, Tero T
Munier, Francis L.
Keren-Froim, Naama
Gomel, Nir
Cassoux, Nathalie
Sagoo, Mandeep S
Reddy, M Ashwin
Harby, Lamis Al
Zondervan, Marcia
Bascaran, Covadonga
Abdallah, Elhassan
Abdullahi, Shehu U
Boubacar, Sahadatou Adamou
Ademola-Popoola, Dupe S
Adio, Adedayo
Aghaji, Ada E
Portabella, Silvia Alarcón
Alfa Bio, Amadou I
Ali, Amany M
Alia, Donjeta B
All-Eriksson, Charlotta
Almeida, Argentino A
Alsawidi, Khalifa M
Antonino, Romanzo
Astbury, Nicholas J
Atsiaya, Rose
Balaguer, Julia
Balwierz, Walentyna
Barranco, Honorio
Popovic, Maja Beck
Benmiloud, Sarra
Guebessi, Nissrine Bennani
Berete, Rokia C
Biddulph, Shelley J
Biewald, Eva M
Blum, Sharon
Bobrova, Nadia
Boehme, Marianna
Bornfeld, Norbert
Bouda, Gabrielle C
Bouguila, Hédi
Boumedane, Amaria
Brichard, Bénédicte G
l, Michael Capra
Castela, Guilherme
Català-Mora, Jaume
Chantada, Guillermo L
Chernodrinska, Violeta S
Chiwanga, Faraja S
Cieslik, Krzysztof
Comsa, Codruta
Correa Llano, Maria G
Csóka, Monika
Da Gama, Isac V
Davidson, Alan
Potter, Patrick De
Desjardins, Laurence
Dragomir, Monica D
Bruyn, Magritha Du
Kettani, Asmaa El
Elbahi, Amal M
Elgalaly, Dina
Elhaddad, Alaa M
Ali Elhassan, Moawia M
Elzembely, Mahmoud M
Essuman, Vera A
Evina, Ted Grimbert A
Fasina, Oluyemi
Fernández-Teijeiro, Ana
Gandiwa, Moira
Aldana, David García
Geel, Jennifer A
Gizachew, Zelalem
Gregersen, Pernille A
Guedenon, Koffi M
Hadjistilianou, Theodora
Hassan, Sadiq
Hederova, Stanislava
Hessissen, Laila
Hordofa, Diriba F
Hummlen, Marlies
Husakova, Kristina
Ida, Russo
Ilic, Vesna R
Jenkinson, Helen
Amani Kabesha, Theophile B
Kabore, Rolande L
Kalinaki, Abubakar
Kapelushnik, Noa
Kardava, Tamar
Kemilev, Pavlin Kroumov
Kepak, Tomas
Khotenashvili, Zaza
Klett, Artur
Kosh Komba Palet, Jess Elio
Krivaitiene, Dalia
Kruger, Mariana
Kyara, Alice
Lachmann, Eva S
Latinović, Slobodanka
Lecuona, Karin
Lukamba, Robert M
Lumbroso, Livia
Lysytsia, Lesia
Maka, Erika
Makan, Mayuri
Manda, Chatonda
Begue, Nieves Martín
Matende, Ibrahim O
Matua, Marchelo
Mayet, Ismail
Mbumba, Freddy B
Mengesha, Aemero A
Midena, Edoardo
Mndeme, Furahini G
Mohamedani, Ahmed A
Moll, Annette C
Moreira, Claude
Msina, Mchikirwa S
Msukwa, Gerald
Muma, Kangwa I
Murgoi, Gabriela
Musa, Kareem O
Mustak, Hamzah
Muyen, Okwen M
Naidu, Gita
Naumenko, Larisa
Ndoye Roth, Paule Ai¨da
Neroev, Vladimir
Nikitovic, Marina
Nkanga, Elizabeth D
Nkumbe, Henry
Nyaywa, Mutale
Obono-Obiang, Ghislaine
Oguego, Ngozi C
Olechowski, Andrzej
Oscar, Alexander Hugo
Osei-Bonsu, Peter
Painter, Sally L
Paintsil, Vivian
Paiva, Luisa
Papyan, Ruzanna
Parrozzani, Raffaele
Parulekar, Manoj
Pawinska-Wasikowska, Katarzyna
Perić, Sanja
Philbert, Remezo
Pochop, Pavel
Polyakov, Vladimir G
Pompe, Manca T
Pons, Jonathan J
Raobela, Léa
Renner, Lorna A
Reynders, David
Ribadu, Dahiru
Riheia, Mussagy M
Ritter-Sovinz, Petra
Saakyan, Svetlana
Said, Azza MA
Román Pacheco, Sonsoles San
Scanlan, Trish A
Schoeman, Judy
Seregard, Stefan
Sherief, Sadik T
Cheikh, Sidi Sidi
Silva, Sónia
Sorochynska, Tetyana
Ssali, Grace
Stathopoulos, Christina
Kranjc, Branka Stirn
Stones, David K
Svojgr, Karel
Sylla, Fatoumata
Tamamyan, Gevorg
Tandili, Alketa
Tateshi, Bekim
Theophile, Tuyisabe
Traoré, Fousseyni
Tyau-Tyau, Harba
Umar, Ali B
Urbak, Steen F
Ushakova, Tatiana L
Valeina, Sandra
Hoefen Wijsard, Milo van
Veleva-Krasteva, Nevyana V
Viksnins, Maris
Wackernagel, Werner
Waddell, Keith
Wade, Patricia D
Wali Nigeria, Amina H
Wime, Amelia DC
Dod, Charlotte Wolley
Yanga, Jenny M
Yarovaya, Vera A
Yarovoy, Andrey A
Zein, Ekhtelbenina
Sharabi, Shirley
Zhilyaeva, Katsiaryna
Ziko, Othman AO
Bowman, Richard
Source :
British Journal of Ophthalmology; 2021, Vol. 105 Issue: 10 p1435-1443, 9p
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

BackgroundThe travel distance from home to a treatment centre, which may impact the stage at diagnosis, has not been investigated for retinoblastoma, the most common childhood eye cancer. We aimed to investigate the travel burden and its impact on clinical presentation in a large sample of patients with retinoblastoma from Africa and Europe.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis including 518 treatment-nai¨ve patients with retinoblastoma residing in 40 European countries and 1024 treatment-nai¨ve patients with retinoblastoma residing in 43 African countries.ResultsCapture rate was 42.2% of expected patients from Africa and 108.8% from Europe. African patients were older (95% CI −12.4 to −5.4, p<0.001), had fewer cases of familial retinoblastoma (95% CI 2.0 to 5.3, p<0.001) and presented with more advanced disease (95% CI 6.0 to 9.8, p<0.001); 43.4% and 15.4% of Africans had extraocular retinoblastoma and distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis, respectively, compared to 2.9% and 1.0% of the Europeans. To reach a retinoblastoma centre, European patients travelled 421.8 km compared to Africans who travelled 185.7 km (p<0.001). On regression analysis, lower-national income level, African residence and older age (p<0.001), but not travel distance (p=0.19), were risk factors for advanced disease.ConclusionsFewer than half the expected number of patients with retinoblastoma presented to African referral centres in 2017, suggesting poor awareness or other barriers to access. Despite the relatively shorter distance travelled by African patients, they presented with later-stage disease. Health education about retinoblastoma is needed for carers and health workers in Africa in order to increase capture rate and promote early referral.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00071161 and 14682079
Volume :
105
Issue :
10
Database :
Supplemental Index
Journal :
British Journal of Ophthalmology
Publication Type :
Periodical
Accession number :
ejs57888573
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316613