Acquisition of Helicobacter pyloriInfection in Rhesus Macaques Is Most Consistent with Oral-Oral Transmission

ABSTRACTSocially housed rhesus monkeys rapidly acquired Helicobacter pyloriinfection, although the organism was rarely cultivated from saliva, feces, or the environment. Since the concentrations of H. pyloriin vomit were compatible with what is known about the infectious dose, our results are most consistent with an oral-oral means of transmission.