Antimalarial Asexual Stage-Specific and Gametocytocidal Activities of HIV Protease Inhibitors

ABSTRACTThe stage-specific antimalarial activities of a panel of antiretroviral protease inhibitors (PIs), including two nonpeptidic PIs (tipranavir and darunavir), were tested in vitroagainst Plasmodium falciparum. While darunavir demonstrated limited antimalarial activity (effective concentration [EC50], >50 μM), tipranavir was active at clinically relevant concentrations (EC50, 12 to 21 μM). Saquinavir, lopinavir, and tipranavir preferentially inhibited the growth of mature asexual-stage parasites (24 h postinvasion). While all of the PIs tested inhibited gametocytogenesis, tipranavir was the only one to exhibit gametocytocidal activity.