Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Associated with Chronic Bisphosphonates Therapy: An Italian Experience.

Background. Pamidronate (P) and Zoledronate (Z) are new generation bisphoshonates (BS) used for treatment of bone lesions in patients (pts) with multiple myeloma (MM), solid tumors and no oncologic diseases. They are monthly administered for prolonged periods of time and they are generally well tolerated. Recently, severe osteonecrosis (ON) of the jaw has been reported as an adverse effect of treatment. Avascular bone necrosis has been often observed after major dental procedure. In site of lesion, occasionally, Actinomyces sppwere recovered from culture. The aetiology is not understood, although it has been postulated to be secondary to the antiangiogenic effect of BS.