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gamma-Glutamyl amino acids. Transport and conversion to 5-oxoproline in the kidney.

Authors :
Bridges, R J
Meister, A
Source :
Journal of Biological Chemistry; June 1985, Vol. 260 Issue: 12 p7304-7308, 5p
Publication Year :
1985

Abstract

Transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids, a step in the proposed glutathione-gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-mediated amino acid transport pathway, was examined in mouse kidney. The transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids was demonstrated in vitro in studies on kidney slices. Transport was followed by measuring uptake of 35S after incubation of the slices in media containing gamma-glutamyl methionine [35S]sulfone. The experimental complication associated with extracellular conversion of the gamma-glutamyl amino acid to amino acid and uptake of the latter by slices was overcome by using 5-oxoproline formation (catalyzed by intracellular gamma-glutamyl-cyclotransferase) as an indicator of gamma-glutamyl amino acid transport. This method was also successfully applied to studies on transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids in vivo. Transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids in vitro and in vivo is inhibited by several inhibitors of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and also by high extracellular levels of glutathione. This seems to explain urinary excretion of gamma-glutamylcystine by humans with gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency and by mice treated with inhibitors of this enzyme. Mice depleted of glutathione by treatment with buthionine sulfoximine (which inhibits glutathione synthesis) or by treatment with 2,6-dimethyl-2,5-heptadiene-4-one (which effectively interacts with tissue glutathione) exhibited significantly less transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids than did untreated controls. The findings suggest that intracellular glutathione functions in transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids. Evidence was also obtained for transport of gamma-glutamyl gamma-glutamylphenylalanine into kidney slices.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00219258 and 1083351X
Volume :
260
Issue :
12
Database :
Supplemental Index
Journal :
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publication Type :
Periodical
Accession number :
ejs55827518
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(17)39607-2