Juno Observations of Heavy Ion Energization During Transient Dipolarizations in Jupiter Magnetotail

Transient magnetic reconnection and associated fast plasma flows led by dipolarization fronts play a crucial role in energetic particle acceleration in planetary magnetospheres. Despite large statistical observations on this phenomenon in the Earth's magnetotail, many important characteristics (e.g., mass or charge dependence of acceleration efficiency and acceleration scaling with the spatial scale of the system) of transient reconnection cannot be fully investigated with the limited parameter range of the Earth's magnetotail. The much larger Jovian magnetodisk, filled by a mixture of various heavy ions and protons, provides a unique opportunity for such investigations. In this study, we use recent Juno observations in Jupiter's magnetosphere to examine the properties of reconnection associated dipolarization fronts and charged particle acceleration. High‐energy fluxes of sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen ions show clear mass‐dependent acceleration with energy ∼m1/3. We compare Juno observations with similar observations in the Earth's magnetotail and discuss possible mechanism for the observed ion acceleration. Heavy ion and proton acceleration by transient dipolarizations in the Jupiter magnetodiskIon acceleration results in flux increases in the energy range of [0.5,3] MeVObservations show that ion acceleration scales with mass as ∼m1/3