Penicillium marneffeiinfection in HIV

Since the start of the HIV pandemic, systemic infection with Penicillium marneffeihas developed from a very rare diagnosis to the third most common opportunistic infection in HIV co-infected patients in South East Asia. HIV patients who have travelled to or lived in Asia may present with this infection in nonendemic countries, and it has therefore become important for all those working in the field of HIV to recognize, understand and treat this emerging disease.