Carotid Artery Mycotic Pseudoaneurysm Associated with Campylobacter fetusBacteremia in an Immunocompromised Host

This report outlines the course of a patient with Campylobacter fetusbacteremia complicated by carotid artery pseudoaneurysm after exposure to ill cattle. This is the first report of C. fetus–associated carotid artery pseudoaneurysm. Furthermore, there is concurrence of a renal artery aneurysm, and concurrent aneurysms in individuals with C. fetusbacteremia have been reported only a small number of times. The unusual exposures of this patient and the vascular manifestations give insight into the natural history of individuals with C. fetusbacteremia. This case report emphasizes the importance of a low threshold for imaging in patients with C. fetusbacteremia who have localizing symptoms and the importance of imaging sites with common cardiovascular involvement. As C. fetusbacteremia is better characterized, it is critical that clinicians are aware of the expanding spectrum of disease.