Tuning the porous texture of carbon materials derived from chlorination of Ti(C5H5)2Cl2for potential electrochemical capacitors

Variation of the reaction time at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min, respectively, on the chlorination of Ti(C5H5)Cl2, at 900°C, has delivered carbon materials with a tuneable mixture of mesopores and micropores, surface areas as high as 855 m2g-1and pore volume of 0.56 cm3g-1. The cyclic voltammetry measurements yielded capacitances as high as 198 Fg-1at scan rate of 5 mVs-1in 6M-KOH as an electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses showed that the shape of the Nyquist plots, of the fabricated carbon electrodes, showed an almost purely diffusive process at low reaction times and a mixture of kinetic and diffusive processes for the materials chlorinated at longer times; additionally, the capacitance values, calculated by electrochemical impedance, varied from 139 F/g to 22 F/g, corroborated the behaviour observed by cyclic voltammetry. The effective dielectric permittivity calculations showed values ranging from 11 to 18, being the K+ions more accessible than the OH−.