Folding-competent and Folding-defective Forms of Ricin A Chain Have Different Fates after Retrotranslocation from the Endoplasmic Reticulum

This study reveals that components of the yeast ERAD-L pathway can discriminate between two subtly different forms of the same toxin substrate. Although precytosolic requirements are similar for both toxin structures, there is a divergence in fate on the cytosolic face of the ER membrane.