Identification of Somatic Mutations in Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type by Massive Parallel Sequencing

To determine whether the mutational profile of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCLBCL-LT) is unique by comparison with other diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtypes, we analyzed a total cohort of 20 PCLBCL-LT patients by using next-generation sequencing with a lymphoma panel designed for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. We also analyzed 12 pairs of tumor and control DNA samples by whole-exome sequencing, which led us to perform resequencing of three selected genes not included in the lymphoma panel: TBL1XR1, KLHL6,and IKZF3. Our study clearly identifies an original mutational landscape of PCLBCL-LT with a very restricted set of highly recurrent mutations (>40%) involving MYD88(p.L265P variant), PIM1,and CD79B. Other genes involved in B-cell signaling, NF-κB activation, or DNA modeling were found altered, notably TBL1XR1(33%), MYC(26%) CREBBP(26%), and IRF4(21%) or HIST1H1E(41%). MYD88L265Pvariant was associated with copy number variations or copy neutral loss of heterozygosity in 60% of patients. The most frequent genetic losses involved CDKN2A/2B, TNFAIP3/A20, PRDM1, TCF3,and CIITA.Together, these results show that PCLBCL-LT exhibits a unique mutational landscape, combining highly recurrent hotspot mutations in genes involved in NF-kB and B-cell signaling pathways, which provides a rationale for using selective inhibitors of the B-cell receptor.