New records ofPythium(Oomycetes, Straminipila) for South America based on morphological and molecular data

FivePythiumspecies are recorded for the first time in South America. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses (LSU and ITS rDNA regions) confirmed the identification ofP. grandisporangium, P. kashmirense, P. oopapillum,P. segnitiumandP. takayamanum. Moreover, this is the second record ofP. takayamanumin the world. The species were isolated from different samples, such as soil, seawater, substrates used in hydroponics and roots of hydroponic crops in Brazil. The asexual reproduction ofP. segnitiumis documented for the first time and detailed descriptions and illustrations of all species are provided.