A comparative study of the effect of some pesticides on three predacious mite species: Typhlodromus pyri, Amblyseius potentillae and A. bibens [ Acarina: Phytoseiidae ]

Abstract: Toxicological responses to 10 different pesticides were determined for 3 species of typhlodromid mites,Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten,Amblyseius potentillae Garman, andA. bibens Blommers, in order to investigate whether or notA. bibens might be used as a substitute for the 2 other species as a testing object for measuring adverse effects of pesticides. T. pyri andA. potentillae are important predators in orchards on phytophagous mites. These species can be reared on the common spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch, but they seem averse to the webbing of the spider mite. When placed on detached bean leaves on moist cotton wool withT. urticae present as prey, these typhlodromids tend to run off the leaves, especially when in addition such leaves have been treated with pesticides.A. bibens on the other hand will stay on the leaves when prey is present; it seems to be attracted by the webbing of the spider mite. This makesA. bibens an attractive testing object. In the present study the 3 species mentioned were tested comparatively in closed cells to see whether or not there might be differences in intrinsic susceptibility to pesticides. Mortality of adults, the effect on reproduction, and the mortality of eggs and juveniles were determined. It was found thatA. bibens can reasonably well replace other typhlodromids as a testing objeot for obtaining information on adverse effects of pesticides in orchards.