Branch models for white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in naturally regenerated stands.

Highlights: [•] Predictive models for branch characteristics were developed for white spruce. [•] The models were for naturally regenerated mixedwood stands of the boreal forest. [•] Within-crown and tree-level variables were important predictor variables. [•] Stand-level competition and species composition did not factor into the models. [•] The models will be used to assess wood quality traits influenced by branching. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]