Financial costs and benefits of a program of measures to implement a National Strategy on Biological Diversity in Germany.

Highlights: [•] We quantified the financial costs and benefits of implementing a set of measures, based on the National Strategy on Biological Diversity in Germany (NBS). [•] The measures of the NBS contribute to social benefits (contingent valuation), water protection (abatement, cost approach) and climate protection (damage cost approach). [•] Results indicate that the implementation of the NBS leads to significant financial costs, but the benefits exceed the financial costs of measures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]