Dielectric Properties of Oil Sands at 2.45 GHz with TE1,0,11 Mode Determined by a Rectangular Cavity Resonator.

The article discusses a study which sought to determine the dielectric properties of oil sands to be able to design and manufacture a microwave energy applicator for use in extracting bitumen from oil sands. A rectangular cavity resonator at École Polytechnique de Montréal laboratories in Quebec was used to measure the complex permittivity of oil sands at 2.45 gigahertz (GHz). The pros and cons of the rectangular cavity perturbation technique are tackled.