Observation of the evolution of science via the Science Map: Methodology and application.

Science Map is a map of science that shows mutual relation among research areas in which active research is being conducted. The map is generated by the clustering of highly cited papers via the co-citation analysis and the mapping of the research areas on the two-dimensional space. One remarkable feature of the analysis is that it does not require keywords in identification of research areas. Interaction among researchers, which is observed as a form of citations, is a unique element which is responsible for the formation of research areas. This methodological feature makes a holistic understanding on scientific activities and their dynamics beyond borders lying among traditional disciplines possible. This paper shows methodologies of the Science Map; the descriptive interpretation of the evolution of science based on Science Map 2004 and 2006; and application of the Science Map 2006. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]