Chapter 2: Historical Context of the Research.

Chapter 2 of the book "Education's Prisoners: Schooling, the Political Economy and the Prison Industrial Complex," by Ken McGrew is presented. It examines the historical development of incarceration in the U.S. and the related educational history. In the New World identified by author Joseph Hawes in his book "Children in Urban Society," criminals were not imprisoned but rather were put to death. The house of refuge was proposed in 1822 as an alternative to jails by James Gerard and Isaac Collins of the Society for the Prevention of Pauperism.