Desquamative Gingivitis: Investigation, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management in Practice.

Desquamative gingivitis is a fairly common disorder, with a wide range of causes, most commonly lichen planus and mucous membrane pemphigoid. It may be the initial symptom of the underlying disorder, and patients may therefore present to the general dental practitioner or specialist in periodontology. The presence of plaque-induced gingival inflammation may exacerbate the condition, mask histological features of the underlying disorder, and can lead to delays in diagnosis and misdiagnosis. A definitive histological diagnosis should be made to ensure optimal management. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence tests help to achieve a diagnosis. In cases where a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected, skin patch-testing may help identify allergens. Management of oral symptoms includes removal of contributing/causative factors where possible and medication with topical or systemic immunosuppressants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]