5: The Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea as Connected Systems: 5.3. The Strait of Gibraltar: A Gate to the Atlantic.

Part 3 of Chapter 5 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo is presented. It provides an overview of the analysis on the variability of Mediterranean outflow into the Atlantic across the Gibraltar Strait and its role on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The results of a high-resolution numerical model are used to assess the dependence of mass transport on the salinity difference between Atlantic and Mediterranean waters.