Enzymes in Poly(ADP-Ribose) Metabolism.

Studies over many years have revealed the central importance of poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism in the maintenance of genomic integrity. While the involvement of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in this metabolism has been long known, more recent studies have demonstrated the contribution of many different genes coding for PARPs to promoting cellular recovery from genotoxic stress, eliminating badly damaged cells from the organism, and ensuring accurate transmission of genetic information during cell division. Additionally, emerging information suggests the involvement of ADP-ribose polymer metabolism in the regulation of intracellular trafficking, memory formation and other cellular functions. This chapter reviews the chemistry of ADP-ribose polymer metabolism and the enzymes that catalyze the synthesis and turnover of poly(ADP-ribose). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]