Mineral scale management Part Ill. Non process elements in the paper industry.

The article presents a study on how trace metals enter the paper mill and how pulp ion exchange regulates where the trace elements go in the bleach plant in the U.S. The study uses the method of analysis of condition in a mill that had encountered a calcium oxalate scale and analyze the ion exchange, ion activity, and acid-base activity that affects ion concentrations of calcium and oxalate. The study reveals that the potential of hydrogen of 2.5 in the first chlorine dioxide bleach does not go lower and the use of chlorine dioxide generator should be avoided in any risk of barium sulfate scale.