New Development in Human Factors and Ergonomics for Safety -Learning from Reality and Leveraging Human Contributions-.

Modern complex systems such as aviation, plants, and healthcare are referred to as socio-technical systems because they are operated under the close interaction of not only technical systems but also social systems involving numerous operation personnel and organizations engaged in their operation. Therefore, the roles that human factors and ergonomics should play in enhancing the safety of these systems are significant. Based on the insights gained from new safety perspectives proposed in Safety-II and Resilience Engineering recent years, this paper suggests the necessity of a framework for describing and understanding not only failures like human errors but also occurrences in normal successful operations (various trade-offs, changes, interactions, human contributions, etc.) as a foundation for constructing more practical and effective theories and methodologies. Additionally, taking Naturalistic Decision Making as a precedent, the significance and challenges of learning from reality and practice in the field are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]