ENSURING PEACE, PUBLIC ORDER AND STABILITY IN THE CONTEXT OF PREVENTING VIOLENCE IN ISLAMIC URBAN DESIGN AND CITY PLANNING.

Islamic cities exhibit distinctive features aimed at preventing violence, promoting human well-being, and safeguarding the rights of individuals. These characteristics encompass deliberate choices in urban planning and governance. Key attributes include a mosque-centric layout, expansive public squares, green spaces, organized urban fabric, and efficient administrative management. The maintenance of public order was entrusted to the head of state in the capital and governors in other regions, with additional officials such as commanders, ʿāʿīs (judges), Muʿtasib (market overseer), ʿāʿib al-S_h_urʿa (chief of police), and ʿasas (security officers) appointed to ensure security and peace. Akhism provide additional assistance at this stage. This research will delve into Islamic cities' physical infrastructure and institutional framework, focusing on violence prevention. Given Islamic urbanism's diverse geographical spread and historical evolution, the study will analyze select early-period cities, considering urban plans and administrative systems to facilitate comparative analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]