FAILURE ANALYSIS AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF A60 STEEL BOLLARDS USED IN PORT INFRASTRUCTURE.

The failure mechanisms and mechanical properties of bollards present significant risks in port and maritime engineering thereby calling for a thorough investigation into these aspects. This study highlights the significance of elements like tensile strength shear stress and service loads while examining the difficulties related to metal bollard failures. This paper presents a case study on A60 steel bollards that combines numerical simulations with experimental testing using Catia and Mathcad software. The results reveal that even as the mechanical houses adjust to A60 steel standards, under accurate ambit and a hundred-ton load, compactness and shear stresses exceed the limit attrition of the bollard. The acceptable strain considerably surpasses the adaptable limit, advertence impending failure. The analysis recommends layout adjustments, presenting a higher array of the annular part of the demonstrated bollard and a safety factor of at least 1.5 to boost the bollard attrition and forestall hurt under a hundred-ton load. This research contributes advantageous insights into bollard layout, acclamation real-global demanding situations, and promoting safety in maritime infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]