Multi-channel photogenerated charge transfer in double S-scheme for promoting photostability and mineralization of pollutants.

• Dual S-scheme IO/Pedot/IS was designed to degradate lignin and antibiotic. • Dual S-scheme increase electron density and carrier transport rate. • h ⁺ conductivity of Pedot effectively mitigated the photocorrosion. • IO/Pedot/IS achieved 85.8% mineralization of lignin. Superior photo-mineralization of pollutants, outstanding charge separation efficiency and exceptional photostability of catalysts constitute three pivotal factors for the effective photodegradation of organic pollutants. In this study, a dual S-scheme In 2 O 3 /Pedot/In 2 S 3 (IO/Pedot/IS), inspired by natural photosynthesis, was successfully synthesized for the degradation of lignin and antibiotics. The resulting exceptional semiconductor contact creates a dual-interface electric field on Pedot, facilitating multi-channel charge transport and enhancing charge separation efficiency. The establishment of the dual S-scheme heterojunction raised the reduction-oxidation potential of the type-II In 2 O 3 / In 2 S 3. When subjected to 5 W LED irradiation for 60 min, IO/Pedot-2/IS demonstrated a remarkable mineralization rate of 85.8% for sodium lignosulfonate (SL), surpassing the 53.7% mineralization rate achieved by IO/IS. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency for tetracycline (TC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) reached 91% and 88%, respectively. Crucially, the hole (h ⁺) conductivity of Pedot efficiently alleviated the photocorrosion of sulfide, ensuring robust cyclic stability. Experimental simulations of natural photocatalysis showcased the exceptional versatility and applicability of IO/Pedot/IS. In-depth analysis led to the proposal of a potential photodegradation pathway for lignin, based on the intermediates detected through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Overall, this study presents an effective strategy for the efficient photocatalytic treatment of organic pollutants. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]