Insilico and Invitro approach to assessing the antimicrobial efficiency of novel AMP variants derived from Lactobacillus sp. against ESKAPE pathogens.

Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat worldwide especially when it comes to nosocomial infections caused by ESKAPE bacteria. These pathogens exhibit a remarkable capacity to develop resistance to antimicrobial treatments. Probiotics are receiving considerable attention as potential antimicrobial therapies that are safe, and very effective. The objective of this study is to identify a possible treatment using antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from probiotics. The primary objective is to comprehend the interplay between AMPs and the virulence proteins produced by ESKAPE pathogens that are linked with biofilms. We subjected the 12 peptides found in our earlier investigation to a comprehensive screening approach targeting the virulence proteins of ESKAPE infections by applying shape complementarity concepts and chose the docked complexes with the lowest energy score. The screening process involved assessing binding affinity and interactions with active residues using sophisticated computational tools such as HPEPDOCK, ClusPro 2.0, and AutoDock Vina. The AMP designated as plsa_07 was selected for subsequent examination and validated using molecular dynamic simulations. The in vitro assay demonstrated the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of AMP plsa_07, with a minimal inhibitory concentration ranging from 1 to 4 μg/ml. The AMP plsa_07 demonstrated biofilm inhibition and eradication action against various bacteria, including E. faecium , S.aureus , K. pneumoniae , A. baumannii , and P. aeruginosa , with a range of effectiveness between 17% and 70%. This study establishes a fundamental foundation for clinical research on the possible application of therapeutic peptides produced from probiotics to address the increasing problem of drug-resistant infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]