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Primary gallbladder melanoma: A systematic review of literature.
- Source :
- Annals of Diagnostic Pathology; Feb2024, Vol. 68, pN.PAG-N.PAG, 1p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Primary gallbladder melanoma (PGM) is a rare malignancy with only sporadic cases reported in the English literature. We performed a systematic review of the cases published in the PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases with the aim of describing the reported clinicopathologic features of PGM. Thirty-six articles reporting on 39 patients were reviewed. There was a male predominance, with 23 (64 %) of 36 patients being males. The mean age at presentation was 55 ±16 years. Pain in the right upper quadrant was reported in 20/27 (74 %). The average size of the tumor was 3.5 × 1.9 × 1.4 cm. Gallbladder calculi were reported in 7/27 (26 %). A cholecystectomy was performed in 34/38 (89.5 %). Grossly, the tumor mostly (96.5 %) had polypoid appearances and on microscopic examination, the tumor were predominantly comprised of epithelioid cells 12/17 (70.6 %). Mitotic figures and prominent nucleoli were reportedly found in 8/8 (100 %) and 3/3 (100 %) respectively. Junctional melanocytic components were present in 13/21 (61.9 %). Tumor cells were reportedly immunoreactive for S-100 and HMB-45 in all tested cases. Metastasis were reported in 25/36 (69.4 %), with lymph nodes being the most common site (n = 8), followed by brain (n = 6) and liver (n = 4) for metastasis. At a mean follow-up period of 19 +/− 3 months, 16 (48.5 %) of the 33 patients with available survival data were alive and 17/33 (51.5 %) were dead of disease. There is a lack of unified criteria for the diagnosis of PGM, and future studies should aim to resolve this. • Primary Gallbladder Melanoma appears to be more prevalent in elderly males. • Prognosis is poor, with a mortality of 51.5 % at a mean follow-up of 19 ±3 months. • Chemotherapy and cholecystectomy are the mainstay of treatment. • Unified criteria for the diagnosis of PGM are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 10929134
- Volume :
- 68
- Database :
- Supplemental Index
- Journal :
- Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 175099728
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152244