The Rise of Spy Universe in Contemporary Hindi Cinema: Masculinity and Nation-Building in War (2019).

This article examines the rise of spy films in contemporary Hindi cinema and their depiction of masculinity and nation-building. It focuses on the film "War" (2019) as an example of how these films promote and sustain hegemonic masculinity and shape perceptions of heroism. The article argues that spy films exaggerate nationalism and masculinity, deviating from reality. It also criticizes the limited opportunities for women to showcase their capabilities and calls for more equitable representations that acknowledge women's contributions to nation-building. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for more authentic and realistic portrayals of espionage in Hindi cinema. [Extracted from the article]