Research Data from Toranomon Hospital Update Understanding of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia [Comparison of Myeloablative Conditioning with Cyclophosphamide and Total-Body Irradiation (Cy/TBI) Vs. Fludarabine, Melphalan, and Total-Body Irradiation...].

A recent study conducted at Toranomon Hospital in Tokyo, Japan compared two different myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimens for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The standard regimen, cyclophosphamide combined with total-body irradiation (Cy/TBI), was compared to a regimen of fludarabine, melphalan, and total-body irradiation (Flu/Mel/TBI). The study found that the Flu/Mel/TBI regimen had a significantly lower 5-year cumulative relapse rate compared to the Cy/TBI regimen, with no significant difference in non-relapse mortality. These findings suggest that Flu/Mel/TBI may be a reasonable alternative to Cy/TBI and may be a superior MAC regimen. [Extracted from the article]