A stochastic co-infection model for HIV-1 and HIV-2 epidemic incorporating drug resistance and dual saturated incidence rates.

This study investigates a mathematical model encompassing both HIV-1 and HIV-2 epidemics, with a focus on drug resistance and dual saturated incidence rates. We begin by analyzing the local stability of equilibrium points in the deterministic system using Routh-Hurwitz and Jacobian matrix approaches. Furthermore, we establish the existence of a global positive solution for our model. We identify specific parameter conditions that lead to disease extinction. Additionally, we explore the persistence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections by examining their mean values. To assess the practical implications of our theoretical analysis, we conduct graphical evaluations under various noise disturbances, employing Milstein's Higher Order Method. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-infection, with potential implications for treatment strategies and disease management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]